Motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and postural balance disorder, as well as non-motor symptoms such as cognitive decline and depression, represent the principal clinical manifestations of PD 1. cerebellum, subthalamic nucleus, …) that are involved in movements. As a result, basal ganglia nuclei increase their inhibitory projections to cortical areas and to the brainstem, leading to abnormal activation of different subcortical dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic structures (i.e. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders and it is mainly characterized by a degeneration of the pars compacta of the substantia nigra and of the striatum pathway. The muscle synergies analysis may offer clinicians new knowledge on the neuromuscular structure underlying PD motor types of behavior and how they can improve after electroceutical STN-DBS therapy. The neuromuscular robustness of PD patients-that at T 0 was smaller with respect to controls (PD T 0: 69.3 ± 2.2% vs. A smaller number of muscle synergies was found in PD patients (4 muscle synergies, at each time point) compared to control subjects (5 muscle synergies). A group of 20 PD patients evaluated at baseline (before surgery, T 0), at 3 months (T 1), and at 12 months (T 2) after STN-DBS surgery, as well as a group of 20 age-matched healthy control subjects, underwent an instrumented gait analysis, including surface electromyography recordings from 12 muscles. The aim of this study is to quantitatively assess motor control changes in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients after bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS), based on a novel muscle synergy evaluation approach.
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